Whēa Tūhono Tūhono Pūkenga

Ko ngā whiringa whakaputua tikangia he taputapu whakamātua hoki hei whakatutuki i ngā inenga mata me te ōrite, e matua herea ana mō ngā whakamahinga e āhua paku noa i te whai pāngawhenua ka taea e ia te whakarupeke i te mahi. Kua hangaia ēnei whiringa ki te arotake kounga tino whakaaetia, e tiaki ai i te rite o te wehenga paraihe, te rahi paparaihe tika, me ngā taputapu tuanui e iti nei te kōkiri, te pakaru hoki i te wā e whakamahia ana. Ko ngā paraihe—e nui ake ko te diamanti, CBN, te konumohe anō hoki—kua whiriwhiria mō te pūtake me te ōrite, kua tahuna ki te tuanui pumau engari he whakauru (metara, umuhi, te pāpore taumaha) e manawa tonu ai i te inenga āhuatanga ki raro i te pēhi. Ko tēnei hoahoa hei whakati atu i te wehenga i te tauira tautu, e tā karangatia ai te whakapapa mata ki roto i ngā mikirone, te nammikirone rānei, me ngā uara maripi (Ra) e 0.1 nm noa mai kei ngā whakamahinga motuhake. Whakamahia ana ngā whiringa whakaputua tikangia ki te hanga i ngā wafer kirihou hei whakaputua, kei hea te whakapapa mata e pa ana tika ki te whakapapa irirangi. Ki te pūkenga whakapapa, whakatinana ana i ngā rārangi, ngā porotiti, me ngā miri, e tiaki ai i te whakauru ake me te hokinga ake o te whaitua me te iti noa te whakarewa. Ki te utu tika, whakapai ana i ngā taputapu karaihe, te whakapai ake i te kautu me te kaha ki te kīato. E hono ana ēnei whiringa ki ngā punaha whakaputua CNC, kei reira te tere, te pēhi, me te ara e whakahaeretia ana e te rorohiko hei whakatutuki i ngā putanga ōrite mo ngā taputapu rahi, pīroiroi rānei. Ka taea e ratou te mahi tahi me ngā paraihe horoihoranga, ngā horoi horohoro-mekaniki (CMP) e whakapai ake ai i te tika o te wehenga. Mō ngā umanga pērā i te haerenga ā-hau (gyroscopes), ngā taputapu hauora (taputapu laser), me te microelectronics, he mea nui rawa ngā whiringa whakaputua tikangia, e āwhina ana i te hanga i ngā taputapu e tutuki ai ngā tinihanga me ngā aratau kounga.