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Te Matērahi e Whakakotahia ana me te Tōwhai ki ngā Kotahi Whakakore
Me pēhea te pānga o te hihiri o te wāhi mahi me te momo matērahi ki te tīpako kotahi whakakore
Ko te pūkai o te wāhi mahi tahi ana ko tana hanganga matērahi he take nui ki te kōwhiri i te porowhita totohu tika. Mō ngā matērahi māmā pērā i te paraihe, ko ngā kōhatu rereke he mea pai rawa atu ina hiahiatia te tango tere i te matērahi. Engari me ētahi atu mea mō ngā huri kaha kua pakaru ake i runga ake i te 50 HRC, ko ngā porowhita iti iti pēnei i te diamond, CBN rānei e mau ai te kounga o te tapa, ā, e tautohe ana pea ki te mate mai i te whakapipiri. Ina mahi ana ki ngā metara hore-hōu, ko te karabiti hīora te nuinga o te wā ka kōwhiria nā te mea kāore ngā pātupeka aho kikoito o te matērahi e hinga ai tōna arataki. Ko ngā kirihou hōu ka uru noa ki ngā karuwhenua iti-tamau e taea ai te whakahaere i te wāhi e pakaru ana. Ki te kōwhiri kihai i tika, ka tino pā ki te ora o te taputapu, i etahi wā e 40% pea. Āta whakaatu hoki ngā tauira tēnei—i tātari tētahi ripōrti hōu a te Rōpū Ponemon ka utua e ngā umanga tētahi $740,000 ina tinihia ngā taputapu ia tau. Kaua e marere ngā kaimahi mātau i te mataara i ngā ine Rockwell ki ngā taipitopito o te porowhita i mua i te timatanga o tētahi mahi—nā te mea ka penapena moni i te roa, engari anō hoki nā te mea ko ngā tikanga haumaru e hāngai ana ki te tika o ēnei kōwhiringa.
Whakawhitinga o ngā karu keri ki ngā īngoa matū
Ko te whiriwhiri i ngā rino kōhatu tika he herekanga ki ēnei āhuatanga matū e toru: te kaha o te mea ina taraina (kaha taraiwa), te pāhua o te wera (pāhua wera), me te aha anō te kōhatu o te matū. Ina mahi ana me ngā metara hukapapa pērā i te titanium, Inconel rānei e taea ai te tino pakanga, ko ngā rino ceramic alumina te pai ake nā te mea e taea ai e rātou te wera, ā, ka mau tonu te āhua ahakoa ka whakamahia maha ngā wā i raro i te pakanga. Ko te silicon carbide anō te tino mārama mō ngā matū e pakaru haere ana pērā i ngā mata o te concrete, ngā tapa rānei, ngā matapihi rānei. Ko te take? Kei ōna tapa whakaatu pea ka taea ai te tuhinga o ēnei matū tino pai ake i ngā rino porotiti. A ka tū mai te wero mō ngā stīra hukapapa tino kaha ake i te 60 HRC. Ko reira te wā ka uru mai ngā kōhatu CBN. E mau ana ēnei kōhatu motuhake i ngā wāhi wera kia kaua ai rātou e porotiti i ngā mahi totohu tere. Arā ka mau tonu ngā totohu ki roto i te neke atu i te haurua mitamita, ā, ka roa pea ngā karaka kōhatu e toru ngā wā tata ki ngā kōwhiringa noa i te maakete inaianei.
Haihanga o te Papa Tapahi: Momo Kākahu, Rahi o te Parerarua, me te Taumaha
Te pānga o te matū kākahu (diamond, aluminum oxide) ki te mahi me te roa o te wā
Ko te momo matapara e whakaputangia ana ki te tarau e whakataunga ana i te aha e taea ai. He iti rawa te pākiuru o te diamanti, ā, he roa rawa te ora atu ki te whakarereke i ētahi atu matapara, nō reira he pai mō ngā mahi uaua pērā i te mahi me te karbaiti, te rino kaha, me ērā rānei ngā hīhītai rerekē. Engari, me mōhio koe, he nui te utu mō ngā tarau diamanti, sia ki te utu tuatahi, sia hoki ki te whakahaere. Ko te ōkisai hāmama e maha ngā tau kei roto i tā tātou ahumahi hei tapahi i ngā metara rino pērā i te stīra rino noa, te stīra rino korepāmu. E kitea ana e ia tētahi take takiwā e pā ana ki te kaha kia kaua e marere haere, te āki ki te wera, me te penapena i ngā utu e tika ana. Kāore i te kaha pērā ko te ōkisai hāmama te karaiti hāmama engari he pai ake te tapahi i te timatanga, nō reira he pai ake mō ngā mea e kore nei e tuku i te hiko pērā i te kōhatu, ngā mata rino kawe. I whakaatu ngā whakamātauranga, ina koa ina mahi ana me te rino kaha, ka roa ake te diamanti i te 2 ki te 4 nekehanga te roa o te ōkisai hāmama. He mea nui anō te haumaru. Ka pakaru pea ngā tarau ōkisai hāmama noa iho pea pea ina tōkeke ana, engari ko ēnei hou tarau rino kiriemi kua whakapakari ake i a rātou ake i te wa e wareware ana rātou nā te ara e pakaru ana ngā hononga i waenganui i ngā pārtihana. Arā, he iti ake ngā pakanga mōrearea i te wā o te whakahaerenga.
Rahi me te tere o te paraihe: Te whakanui i te tere angaingai i te matā me te kiko o te mata
He mea nui te hononga i waenganui i te rahi o te paraihe me te tihau i te wā e pā ana ki te hīanga. Ko ngā paraihe kākāriki mai i te 24 ki te 60 he nui ngā pārtihiri e wehe ana tawhiti. He pai ēnei mō te tango i te nui o te matū i te wā o te whakakore rānei i ngā mahi āhua pāmu, engari ka waiho e rātou he mata kākāriki me ngā uara Ra e pānui ake ana i te 500 mikirone. I te taha atu, ko ngā paraihe iti i waenganui i te 80 ki te 220 ka hōua ngā mata māmā e 100 ki te 150 mikirone. He tino pai ēnei mō ngā whakamutunga, ahakoa me āki ai ngā kaiwhakahaere i ngā tere kawe, nā te mea he nui ake te whakapuaki hau e hāngai ana ngā paraihe iti ake, ina koa ina mahi ana me ngā matū kotahi. Ko te āhuatanga tihau e mōhiotia ana mō te nui o te paraihe kei ia wāhi. Ka roa ake ngā paraihe ki te tihau nui ake, engari ka taea hoki e ia te whai raru ki te horoi i ngā parakete, ka piki ake te hau hāngai, ina koa ki ngā wāhanga hāparapara. E mōhiotia ana e te nuinga o ngā toihanga ko ngā tihau waenga i waenganui i te 50% ki te 75% ka tuku i te mahi tino pai mō ngā tono hīanga hāparapara. Ka taea e tēnei wāhi pai te tere tango matū e 0.8 ki te 1.2 inapi kūpapa ia meneti, i te wā e pupuri ana i te māmā o te hau me te kounga pai o te mata.
Te nui o te iti o te painga tapiri: Ngā utu-whakatairanga mahi i ngā whakamātautau e pā ana ki te wera
Ko te nui o ngā pounamu ki roto i tētahi karu e whai pānga ana ki te āhua e whakahaere ana i te wera i ngā mahi mōrearea. Ko ngā karu e kīia ana he nui te kōpae pounamu (100% neke atu rānei) ka pakari ake ai ngā papanga, ā, ka taea ai te kitenga i ngā matapae pērā i te kōnitere, i te hiko kaha rānei mō ngā wā roa ake. Engari ko te utu he nui te hinga: he nui te hinga, ā, ka taea pea te piki ake i te 600 Farenheit. I te taha arataki, ko ngā karu e iti ake ana te kōpae (mai i te 25% ki te 40%) ka whakakoakoa ki te whakahaere i te wera pai ake. E iti ake ngā pounamu i runga i te mata, nō reira ka wareware haere te matā e hono nei. Ka whakaputangia ēnei mata kua tapahia hou hou, ā, ka āwhina anō hoki i te wera kia mawhiti. Nō reira i te mana o te wera, ko ēnei karu e iti ake ana te kōpae ko ngā mea e rapu ana ngā tohunga ina mahi ana ki ngā matapae uaua pērā i ngā parahiūmua aluminium-lithium, kāpara kaha, me ngā huinga kāpara kākahu. Kua mōhiotia tēnei nā te mea ko ngā whakamātautau ā-tūrua e whakaatu ana koirā, ina kitenga ana i ngā huinga kāpara, kei te 15 ki te 20% te iti ake o te wera o ngā matapae mō ngā karu e iti ake ana te kōpae mō ngā karu e nui ake ana te kotahi.
Ngā Parāmata Whakahaere: Tere, Tahumaero, me te Tikanga
RPM Mōhio me te tere totohu e pā ana ki te tātata o te porowhita me te rātinga
Me ōrite te RPM o ngā porowhita totohu ki tō rātou rahi, me ngā kōrero a te kaihanga mō te hēkenga tere e taea ana. Me whakaroa ake ngā porowhita nui ake hoki ka pāwhara pea rātou i te kaha o te hēkenga. Hei tauira, kei te pai te nuinga o ngā porowhita diamanti 125mm ki te takotoranga o te 12,000 RPM, engari inā piki atu ki ngā porowhita 230mm, ka heke te tere haumaru ki te 6,500 RPM. Ka aronga te hīhii ki te pakaru mōrearea i te toronga i ēnei tau, ā, ko te hīkoi i raro i te tere tūtohi ka ngoikera anō hoki—ka iti ake te uara (e te 20-30% te itinga) ā, ka pāngia e te āhua kua tahuna ai ngā karu kauae kua kohia ai te mata parapara e kore ai e taea te totohu. Ko te pānuitanga tōtika i ngā tere tūtohi hei pupuri i te mahi tika katoa, tae atu ki te noho tika o ngā karu, te tango tika hoki i ngā parakete, me te whakahaere hihiko pai ake.
Pānga o te kaitirotiro: Ngā tikanga pai mō te tere whakarato, te āngae, te toki, me te tapahi wāhi
Ko te ara e whakamahia ana e ngā kaitirotiro tō rātou taputapu e whai whakaaro nui ana ki te mahinga arataki me te haumātaotao. Ko te tika i te āngira tuuruatanga, kei te 15 ki te 30 nga waehere, ka āwhina tino pai ki te whakaiti i ngā mōrearea whakarereka me te pupuri i ngā mea kia rere hoki ake ina uru atu ki te matēria. Heoi anō, ko te toki paku he mea nui, engari me ū ake, me paku ake i te kaha; ko te takahi hoki ka whakaputa ake i ngā karaihe ki te 40% me te āwhina i ngā wāhi makariri e hinga ai te taputapu me te mahi. Me pupuri i ngā kīato kia rere ake, kia ū ake kia pupuri ai i te kounga o te taraiwa tonu. Ina mahi ana ki ngā matēria uaua, ki ērā rānei e mātau ana, mā te tikanga whakatangi taraiwa e mōhiotia ana e ngā kaiwhakangungu, arā, he taraiwa poto, ka paua pakaru ai kia māmā ai mua i te haere tonu. Ko te ara pai rawa kua tīmata noa i te maamaa ake, arā, tuku iho te arataki kia mahi anō te nuinga o te mahi māna ake, kaua ko te takahi iho, kaua hoki ko te nekehana ki te taha, nā reira ka kino ai te hanganga me te tika o te taraiwa.
Te Āhua o te Pākete me te Kaha o te Tōpiko
Te Rōl o te nekeneke o te pākete, te whānui o te pito, me te āhua i te pāmahana me te whakaha
Ko te āhua o ngā porowhita totohu he kaupapa matua nui ki te ara e mahi ana rātou i te wā o te whakamahi, me te whakahaere i te wera. Ina heke ake ngā porowhita, he iti ake te mātai hurihuri, ā, he iti ake te whakapēpē, arānei he iti ake ngā wāhi mahi, ā, he pai ake te whai mōhio. Heoi anō, ko ēnei porowhita heke anuanu e kōhuruhuru ana i te pēhanga, ā, e wareware haere ana i ngā wāhi herekore. I te taha atu, ko ngā porowhita piri ake e taea ana te karo i ngā kaha tāwhai, ā, e roa ake ai i ngā mahi uaua, ahakoa mea he nui ake te hiko hei whakahaere, ā, he nui ake te wera nā te pūmanawa o te pūtake. Ko te 'kerf width' e mōhiotia ana mō te nuinga o te pūtake e tangohia ana i ia wā e rere ana te taputapu. Ko ngā kerf poto e tiaki ana i ngā rawa, ā, e iti ake ai te pēhanga ki ngā taputapu, engari me ngā korero iti aitua, me te whakahaere tika i ngā tere kawe kia kaua ai te taputapu e pakaru. Ko te āhua ake o te porowhita he mea anō—pēhea rānei pea koia he palti, he pikinga ki ngā tapa, he tauwā atu—anō nei te āhua e arotake ana ki te aha rānei pea e arotake ana ki ngā takirua, e noho tika ana, ā, e hāngai ai ngā totohu. Ko te mea e wareware ana maha o ngā kaimahi, ko te tawhiti i waenganui i ngā wāhanga, ko te tauira o ngā karu hau i hangaia ki ngā porowhita hou anō nei e āwhina ana i te hau e rere mai ana ki te mata. Ko tēnei whakamātau ā-tinana e mau ai te mahi pai kia kaua ai te pūtake e weak, kia noho maama ake ngā totohu, kia ū tonu ngā rahi hoki ahakoa maha ngā haora o te mahi tata.
